Output from candisc.sas	Source 0 Graphs

           Canonical discriminant analysis: Fisher (1936) iris data          1
                                  GLM output

                       General Linear Models Procedure
                           Class Level Information

                Class    Levels    Values

                SPECIES       3    Setosa Versicolor Virginica


                   Number of observations in data set = 150

                            E = Error SS&CP Matrix

                  SEPALLEN         SEPALWID         PETALLEN         PETALWID

 SEPALLEN          3895.62             1363          2462.46            564.5
 SEPALWID             1363           1696.2           812.08           480.84
 PETALLEN          2462.46           812.08          2722.26           627.18
 PETALWID            564.5           480.84           627.18           615.66

           Canonical discriminant analysis: Fisher (1936) iris data          2
                                  GLM output

                       General Linear Models Procedure
                      Multivariate Analysis of Variance

  Partial Correlation Coefficients from the Error SS&CP Matrix / Prob > |r|

              DF = 147    SEPALLEN  SEPALWID  PETALLEN  PETALWID

              SEPALLEN    1.000000  0.530236  0.756164  0.364506

                            0.0001    0.0001    0.0001    0.0001

              SEPALWID    0.530236  1.000000  0.377916  0.470535

                            0.0001    0.0001    0.0001    0.0001

              PETALLEN    0.756164  0.377916  1.000000  0.484459

                            0.0001    0.0001    0.0001    0.0001

              PETALWID    0.364506  0.470535  0.484459  1.000000

                            0.0001    0.0001    0.0001    0.0001

           Canonical discriminant analysis: Fisher (1936) iris data          3
                                  GLM output

                       General Linear Models Procedure
                      Multivariate Analysis of Variance

                    H = Type III SS&CP Matrix for SPECIES

                  SEPALLEN         SEPALWID         PETALLEN         PETALWID

 SEPALLEN     6321.2133333     -1995.266667         16524.84     7127.9333333
 SEPALWID     -1995.266667     1134.4933333         -5723.96     -2293.266667
 PETALLEN         16524.84         -5723.96         43710.28          18677.4
 PETALWID     7127.9333333     -2293.266667          18677.4     8041.3333333

          Characteristic Roots and Vectors of: E Inverse * H, where
        H = Type III SS&CP Matrix for SPECIES   E = Error SS&CP Matrix

Characteristic   Percent                Characteristic Vector  V'EV=1
     Root
                                      SEPALLEN       SEPALWID       PETALLEN
                                      PETALWID

    32.1919292     99.12           -0.00684059    -0.01265612     0.01815529
                                    0.02318029

     0.2853910      0.88            0.00019879     0.01785267    -0.00768636
                                    0.02341723

     0.0000000      0.00            0.01026874    -0.01941551    -0.02250288
                                    0.03762752

     0.0000000      0.00           -0.02419450     0.01060349     0.01053538
                                    0.00000000

                Manova Test Criteria and F Approximations for
                 the Hypothesis of no Overall SPECIES Effect
        H = Type III SS&CP Matrix for SPECIES   E = Error SS&CP Matrix

                             S=2    M=0.5    N=71

 Statistic                     Value          F      Num DF    Den DF  Pr > F

 Wilks' Lambda              0.02343863    199.145         8       288  0.0001
 Pillai's Trace             1.19189883     53.466         8       290  0.0001
 Hotelling-Lawley Trace    32.47732024    580.532         8       286  0.0001
 Roy's Greatest Root       32.19192920   1166.957         4       145  0.0001

         NOTE: F Statistic for Roy's Greatest Root is an upper bound.
                NOTE: F Statistic for Wilks' Lambda is exact.

           Canonical discriminant analysis: Fisher (1936) iris data          4
                                CANDISC output

                       Canonical Discriminant Analysis

                 150 Observations        149 DF Total
                   4 Variables           147 DF Within Classes
                   3 Classes               2 DF Between Classes

                           Class Level Information

            SPECIES        Frequency        Weight     Proportion

            Setosa                50       50.0000       0.333333
            Versicolor            50       50.0000       0.333333
            Virginica             50       50.0000       0.333333

           Canonical discriminant analysis: Fisher (1936) iris data          5
                                CANDISC output

                       Canonical Discriminant Analysis

             Within-Class Correlation Coefficients  /  Prob > |R|

                               SPECIES = Setosa

 Variable                 SEPALLEN      SEPALWID      PETALLEN      PETALWID

 SEPALLEN                  1.00000       0.74255       0.26718       0.27810
 Sepal length in mm.        0.0           0.0001        0.0607        0.0505

 SEPALWID                  0.74255       1.00000       0.17770       0.23275
 Sepal width  in mm.        0.0001        0.0           0.2170        0.1038

 PETALLEN                  0.26718       0.17770       1.00000       0.33163
 Petal length in mm.        0.0607        0.2170        0.0           0.0186

 PETALWID                  0.27810       0.23275       0.33163       1.00000
 Petal width  in mm.        0.0505        0.1038        0.0186        0.0

 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                             SPECIES = Versicolor

 Variable                 SEPALLEN      SEPALWID      PETALLEN      PETALWID

 SEPALLEN                  1.00000       0.52591       0.75405       0.54646
 Sepal length in mm.        0.0           0.0001        0.0001        0.0001

 SEPALWID                  0.52591       1.00000       0.56052       0.66400
 Sepal width  in mm.        0.0001        0.0           0.0001        0.0001

 PETALLEN                  0.75405       0.56052       1.00000       0.78667
 Petal length in mm.        0.0001        0.0001        0.0           0.0001

 PETALWID                  0.54646       0.66400       0.78667       1.00000
 Petal width  in mm.        0.0001        0.0001        0.0001        0.0

           Canonical discriminant analysis: Fisher (1936) iris data          6
                                CANDISC output

                       Canonical Discriminant Analysis

             Within-Class Correlation Coefficients  /  Prob > |R|

                             SPECIES = Virginica

 Variable                 SEPALLEN      SEPALWID      PETALLEN      PETALWID

 SEPALLEN                  1.00000       0.45723       0.86422       0.28111
 Sepal length in mm.        0.0           0.0008        0.0001        0.0480

 SEPALWID                  0.45723       1.00000       0.40104       0.53773
 Sepal width  in mm.        0.0008        0.0           0.0039        0.0001

 PETALLEN                  0.86422       0.40104       1.00000       0.32211
 Petal length in mm.        0.0001        0.0039        0.0           0.0225

 PETALWID                  0.28111       0.53773       0.32211       1.00000
 Petal width  in mm.        0.0480        0.0001        0.0225        0.0

           Canonical discriminant analysis: Fisher (1936) iris data          7
                                CANDISC output

                       Canonical Discriminant Analysis

             Total-Sample Correlation Coefficients  /  Prob > |R|

 Variable                 SEPALLEN      SEPALWID      PETALLEN      PETALWID

 SEPALLEN                  1.00000      -0.11757       0.87175       0.81794
 Sepal length in mm.        0.0           0.1519        0.0001        0.0001

 SEPALWID                 -0.11757       1.00000      -0.42844      -0.36613
 Sepal width  in mm.        0.1519        0.0           0.0001        0.0001

 PETALLEN                  0.87175      -0.42844       1.00000       0.96287
 Petal length in mm.        0.0001        0.0001        0.0           0.0001

 PETALWID                  0.81794      -0.36613       0.96287       1.00000
 Petal width  in mm.        0.0001        0.0001        0.0001        0.0

           Canonical discriminant analysis: Fisher (1936) iris data          8
                                CANDISC output

                       Canonical Discriminant Analysis

                 Multivariate Statistics and F Approximations

                             S=2    M=0.5    N=71

 Statistic                     Value          F      Num DF    Den DF  Pr > F

 Wilks' Lambda              0.02343863    199.145         8       288  0.0001
 Pillai's Trace             1.19189883     53.466         8       290  0.0001
 Hotelling-Lawley Trace    32.47732024    580.532         8       286  0.0001
 Roy's Greatest Root       32.19192920   1166.957         4       145  0.0001

         NOTE: F Statistic for Roy's Greatest Root is an upper bound.
                NOTE: F Statistic for Wilks' Lambda is exact.

           Canonical discriminant analysis: Fisher (1936) iris data          9
                                CANDISC output

                       Canonical Discriminant Analysis

                                Adjusted       Approx       Squared
                 Canonical      Canonical     Standard     Canonical
                Correlation    Correlation     Error      Correlation

           1      0.984821       0.984508     0.002468      0.969872
           2      0.471197       0.461445     0.063734      0.222027

                                Eigenvalues of INV(E)*H
                                  = CanRsq/(1-CanRsq)

                 Eigenvalue    Difference    Proportion    Cumulative

            1      32.1919       31.9065       0.9912        0.9912
            2       0.2854         .           0.0088        1.0000

                     Test of H0: The canonical correlations in the
                       current row and all that follow are zero

               Likelihood
                  Ratio      Approx F      Num DF      Den DF    Pr > F

          1    0.02343863    199.1453           8         288    0.0001
          2    0.77797337     13.7939           3         145    0.0001

                          Total Canonical Structure

                          CAN1              CAN2

    SEPALLEN          0.791888          0.217593      Sepal length in mm.
    SEPALWID         -0.530759          0.757989      Sepal width  in mm.
    PETALLEN          0.984951          0.046037      Petal length in mm.
    PETALWID          0.972812          0.222902      Petal width  in mm.

                         Between Canonical Structure

                          CAN1              CAN2

    SEPALLEN          0.991468          0.130348      Sepal length in mm.
    SEPALWID         -0.825658          0.564171      Sepal width  in mm.
    PETALLEN          0.999750          0.022358      Petal length in mm.
    PETALWID          0.994044          0.108977      Petal width  in mm.

           Canonical discriminant analysis: Fisher (1936) iris data         10
                                CANDISC output

                       Canonical Discriminant Analysis

                      Pooled Within Canonical Structure

                          CAN1              CAN2

    SEPALLEN          0.222596          0.310812      Sepal length in mm.
    SEPALWID         -0.119012          0.863681      Sepal width  in mm.
    PETALLEN          0.706065          0.167701      Petal length in mm.
    PETALWID          0.633178          0.737242      Petal width  in mm.

               Total-Sample Standardized Canonical Coefficients

                          CAN1              CAN2

    SEPALLEN      -0.686779533       0.019958173      Sepal length in mm.
    SEPALWID      -0.668825075       0.943441829      Sepal width  in mm.
    PETALLEN       3.885795047      -1.645118866      Petal length in mm.
    PETALWID       2.142238715       2.164135931      Petal width  in mm.

           Pooled Within-Class Standardized Canonical Coefficients

                          CAN1              CAN2

    SEPALLEN      -.4269548486      0.0124075316      Sepal length in mm.
    SEPALWID      -.5212416758      0.7352613085      Sepal width  in mm.
    PETALLEN      0.9472572487      -.4010378190      Petal length in mm.
    PETALWID      0.5751607719      0.5810398645      Petal width  in mm.

                          Raw Canonical Coefficients

                          CAN1              CAN2

    SEPALLEN      -.0829377642      0.0024102149      Sepal length in mm.
    SEPALWID      -.1534473068      0.2164521235      Sepal width  in mm.
    PETALLEN      0.2201211656      -.0931921210      Petal length in mm.
    PETALWID      0.2810460309      0.2839187853      Petal width  in mm.

                      Class Means on Canonical Variables

                SPECIES                 CAN1              CAN2

                Setosa          -7.607599927       0.215133017
                Versicolor       1.825049490      -0.727899622
                Virginica        5.782550437       0.512766605

           Canonical discriminant analysis: Fisher (1936) iris data         11
                   Plot of canonical discriminant functions

               Plot of CAN2*CAN1.  Symbol is value of SPEC_NO.

     CAN2 |
        3 +
          |
          |    1                                            3
          |
          |                                                33
          |                                              3
          |                                                    3
        2 +                                            3 3
          |   1  1                                          3
          |                                              3 33
          |  1                                              3
          |        1                                    3   3
          |    1       1                             3   3
          |        11                          2        3
        1 +       1   1                            2
          |      1                              2      3 3  3
          |      111                                    3
          |       111                               3       3
          |      1    11                      2            3
          |       1  1                        2       3    3
          |        1                      2 2  2   23  3
        0 +        11                        2   2     33
          |        111                       2  2    3  3 3   3
          |         11                        22         3
          |          1 1                    2 2 2     3 3
          |           1                     22  2
          |          11                                   3        3
          |         11                  2   2 22      2
       -1 +         1 11                        2   3      3  3
          |         1                         2
          |                             2    2
          |                                    2    2      3
          |                               2 2  22
          |                                22      2
          |                               2
       -2 +              1                 2    2
          |                                           33
          |
          |
          |                                 2
          |                                 2
          |
       -3 +
          ---+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+--
            -10           -5             0             5            10

                                       CAN1

NOTE: 18 obs hidden.

           Canonical discriminant analysis: Fisher (1936) iris data         12
                           CANDISC OUTSTAT dataset

  _TYPE_    SPECIES     _NAME_     SEPALLEN  SEPALWID   PETALLEN   PETALWID

  N                                  150.00    150.00     150.00     150.00
            Setosa                    50.00     50.00      50.00      50.00
            Versicolor                50.00     50.00      50.00      50.00
            Virginica                 50.00     50.00      50.00      50.00

  MEAN                                58.43     30.57      37.58      11.99
            Setosa                    50.06     34.28      14.62       2.46
            Versicolor                59.36     27.70      42.60      13.26
            Virginica                 65.88     29.74      55.52      20.26

  CSSCP     Setosa      SEPALLEN     608.82    486.16      80.14      50.62
            Setosa      SEPALWID     486.16    704.08      57.32      45.56
            Setosa      PETALLEN      80.14     57.32     147.78      29.74
            Setosa      PETALWID      50.62     45.56      29.74      54.42
            Versicolor  SEPALLEN    1305.52    417.40     896.20     273.32
            Versicolor  SEPALWID     417.40    482.50     405.00     201.90
            Versicolor  PETALLEN     896.20    405.00    1082.00     358.20
            Versicolor  PETALWID     273.32    201.90     358.20     191.62
            Virginica   SEPALLEN    1981.28    459.44    1486.12     240.56
            Virginica   SEPALWID     459.44    509.62     349.76     233.38
            Virginica   PETALLEN    1486.12    349.76    1492.48     239.24
            Virginica   PETALWID     240.56    233.38     239.24     369.62

  PSSCP                 SEPALLEN    3895.62   1363.00    2462.46     564.50
                        SEPALWID    1363.00   1696.20     812.08     480.84
                        PETALLEN    2462.46    812.08    2722.26     627.18
                        PETALWID     564.50    480.84     627.18     615.66

  BSSCP                 SEPALLEN    6321.21  -1995.27   16524.84    7127.93
                        SEPALWID   -1995.27   1134.49   -5723.96   -2293.27
                        PETALLEN   16524.84  -5723.96   43710.28   18677.40
                        PETALWID    7127.93  -2293.27   18677.40    8041.33

  CSSCP                 SEPALLEN   10216.83   -632.27   18987.30    7692.43
                        SEPALWID    -632.27   2830.69   -4911.88   -1812.43
                        PETALLEN   18987.30  -4911.88   46432.54   19304.58
                        PETALWID    7692.43  -1812.43   19304.58    8656.99

  RSQUARED                             0.62      0.40       0.94       0.93

  COV       Setosa      SEPALLEN      12.42      9.92       1.64       1.03
            Setosa      SEPALWID       9.92     14.37       1.17       0.93
            Setosa      PETALLEN       1.64      1.17       3.02       0.61
            Setosa      PETALWID       1.03      0.93       0.61       1.11
            Versicolor  SEPALLEN      26.64      8.52      18.29       5.58
            Versicolor  SEPALWID       8.52      9.85       8.27       4.12
            Versicolor  PETALLEN      18.29      8.27      22.08       7.31

           Canonical discriminant analysis: Fisher (1936) iris data         13
                           CANDISC OUTSTAT dataset

  _TYPE_    SPECIES     _NAME_     SEPALLEN  SEPALWID   PETALLEN   PETALWID

  COV       Versicolor  PETALWID       5.58      4.12       7.31       3.91
            Virginica   SEPALLEN      40.43      9.38      30.33       4.91
            Virginica   SEPALWID       9.38     10.40       7.14       4.76
            Virginica   PETALLEN      30.33      7.14      30.46       4.88
            Virginica   PETALWID       4.91      4.76       4.88       7.54

  PCOV                  SEPALLEN      26.50      9.27      16.75       3.84
                        SEPALWID       9.27     11.54       5.52       3.27
                        PETALLEN      16.75      5.52      18.52       4.27
                        PETALWID       3.84      3.27       4.27       4.19

  BCOV                  SEPALLEN      63.21    -19.95     165.25      71.28
                        SEPALWID     -19.95     11.34     -57.24     -22.93
                        PETALLEN     165.25    -57.24     437.10     186.77
                        PETALWID      71.28    -22.93     186.77      80.41

  COV                   SEPALLEN      68.57     -4.24     127.43      51.63
                        SEPALWID      -4.24     19.00     -32.97     -12.16
                        PETALLEN     127.43    -32.97     311.63     129.56
                        PETALWID      51.63    -12.16     129.56      58.10

  STD       Setosa                     3.52      3.79       1.74       1.05
            Versicolor                 5.16      3.14       4.70       1.98
            Virginica                  6.36      3.22       5.52       2.75

  PSTD                                 5.15      3.40       4.30       2.05

  BSTD                                 7.95      3.37      20.91       8.97

  STD                                  8.28      4.36      17.65       7.62

  CORR      Setosa      SEPALLEN       1.00      0.74       0.27       0.28
            Setosa      SEPALWID       0.74      1.00       0.18       0.23
            Setosa      PETALLEN       0.27      0.18       1.00       0.33
            Setosa      PETALWID       0.28      0.23       0.33       1.00
            Versicolor  SEPALLEN       1.00      0.53       0.75       0.55
            Versicolor  SEPALWID       0.53      1.00       0.56       0.66
            Versicolor  PETALLEN       0.75      0.56       1.00       0.79
            Versicolor  PETALWID       0.55      0.66       0.79       1.00
            Virginica   SEPALLEN       1.00      0.46       0.86       0.28
            Virginica   SEPALWID       0.46      1.00       0.40       0.54
            Virginica   PETALLEN       0.86      0.40       1.00       0.32
            Virginica   PETALWID       0.28      0.54       0.32       1.00

  PCORR                 SEPALLEN       1.00      0.53       0.76       0.36
                        SEPALWID       0.53      1.00       0.38       0.47
                        PETALLEN       0.76      0.38       1.00       0.48

           Canonical discriminant analysis: Fisher (1936) iris data         14
                           CANDISC OUTSTAT dataset

  _TYPE_    SPECIES     _NAME_     SEPALLEN  SEPALWID   PETALLEN   PETALWID

  PCORR                 PETALWID       0.36      0.47       0.48       1.00

  BCORR                 SEPALLEN       1.00     -0.75       0.99       1.00
                        SEPALWID      -0.75      1.00      -0.81      -0.76
                        PETALLEN       0.99     -0.81       1.00       1.00
                        PETALWID       1.00     -0.76       1.00       1.00

  CORR                  SEPALLEN       1.00     -0.12       0.87       0.82
                        SEPALWID      -0.12      1.00      -0.43      -0.37
                        PETALLEN       0.87     -0.43       1.00       0.96
                        PETALWID       0.82     -0.37       0.96       1.00

  STDMEAN   Setosa                    -1.01      0.85      -1.30      -1.25
            Versicolor                 0.11     -0.66       0.28       0.17
            Virginica                  0.90     -0.19       1.02       1.08

  PSTDMEAN  Setosa                    -1.63      1.09      -5.34      -4.66
            Versicolor                 0.18     -0.85       1.17       0.62
            Virginica                  1.45     -0.25       4.17       4.04

  CANCORR               CAN1           0.98      0.98       0.98       0.98
                        CAN2           0.47      0.47       0.47       0.47

  STRUCTUR              CAN1           0.79     -0.53       0.98       0.97
                        CAN2           0.22      0.76       0.05       0.22

  BSTRUCT               CAN1           0.99     -0.83       1.00       0.99
                        CAN2           0.13      0.56       0.02       0.11

  PSTRUCT               CAN1           0.22     -0.12       0.71       0.63
                        CAN2           0.31      0.86       0.17       0.74

  SCORE                 CAN1          -0.69     -0.67       3.89       2.14
                        CAN2           0.02      0.94      -1.65       2.16

  PSCORE                CAN1          -0.43     -0.52       0.95       0.58
                        CAN2           0.01      0.74      -0.40       0.58

  RAWSCORE              CAN1          -0.08     -0.15       0.22       0.28
                        CAN2           0.00      0.22      -0.09       0.28

  CANMEAN   Setosa      CAN1          -7.61     -7.61      -7.61      -7.61
            Setosa      CAN2           0.22      0.22       0.22       0.22
            Versicolor  CAN1           1.83      1.83       1.83       1.83
            Versicolor  CAN2          -0.73     -0.73      -0.73      -0.73
            Virginica   CAN1           5.78      5.78       5.78       5.78
            Virginica   CAN2           0.51      0.51       0.51       0.51